Hamlet study guide

Father of Laertes and Ohpelia, believes Hamlet’s madness comes from neglected love. Polonius
grief causes his madness, wants revenge yet cannot act, overthinks, negative view of women (sees them as weak) Hamlet
kills brother by pouring poison in his ear, can’t repent for sins because Claudius
marries old husband’s brother, more loyal to Claudius than her own son, weak Gertrude
son of Polonius, wants to go to France, blames Hamlet for death of Polonius Laertes
daughter of Polonius, in love with Hamlet, obedient & loyal to her father Ophelia
scholar, diligent, loyal, reacts calmly under pressure Horatio
” there is something rotten in the state of Denmark” Marcellus
Hamlet calls Claudius this a Satyr
Why does Laertes think that Ophelia killed herself? death of her father
What instructions do the ghost give to Hamlet when talking to his mother? gives him permission to tell Gertrude the truth about him not being insane
What is the ghost wearing when he appears to hamlet? The armor he wore in the battle with Norway.
Whether ’tis nobler in the mind to suffer the slings and arrows of outrageous fortune or to take arms against a sea of troubles and, by opposing them end them.” Hamlet
“Such an act…calls virtue hypocrite, takes off the rose from the fair forehead of an innocent love, and sets a blister there an makes marriage vows false” Hamlet
“My honored lord, you know right well you did, and with them words of sweet breath composed as made the things more rich. Their perfume lost, take these things again” Ophelia
“And I, of ladies most deject and wretched that sucked the honey of his musicked vows” Ophelia
“The harlots cheek beautified with plastering art is not more ugly to the thing that helps it than is my deed to my most painted word” Claudius
“My stronger guilt defeats my strong intent, and, like a man double business bound, I stand in pause where I shall first begin and both neglect.” Claudius
“Speak no more! Thou turnst my eyes into my very soul, and there I see such black and grained spots and I will not leave their tinct” Gertrude
“The lady doth protest too much, methinks” Gertrude
“My lord, he’s going to his mother’s closet. Behind the arras I’ll convey myself to hear the process. I’ll warrant she’ll tax him home.” Polonius
“But yet I do believe the origin and commencement of his grief sprung from neglected love.” Polonius
When the ghost appears the second time, what do Bernardo and Horatio believe causes the ghost to leave? rooster crows
What is Laertes’ request? to leave and go to France
“Seems” Madam? Nay, it is. I know not “seems.” Of what does Hamlet accuse his mother? Of SEEMING like she is grieving
In his first soliloquy, to what does Hamlet compare the kingdom of Denmark? An un-weeded garden
“Frailty, thy name is woman!” What does frailty mean in this context? Moral weakness
When Act I begins, what time of night is it? Midnight
Hamlet compares his father to Hyperion and his uncle Claudius to a satyr. What is a satyr? “So excellent a king, that was to this / Hyperion to a satyr;”A satyr=greek mythological creature w/ strong sexual/lustful behaviors
“My father’s spirit—in arms!” What does Hamlet believe this visit from the ghost of his father might mean? That his father is in Purgatory because of his untimely death, he was not able to repent for his sins. Thinks something bad is going to happen
What does Claudius want the King of Norway to do about Young Fortinbras? To stop him from attacking
Who says, “A little more than kin, and less than kind”? Hamlet
What does the ghost’s appearance foreshadow? Norway’s potential attack on Denmark
Who says: “to thine own self be true” (1.3.84)? Polonius
How are Hamlet and Fortinbras’ drive for revenge different? Fortinbras’ revenge=fueled by honor; Hamlet’s revenge=fueled by hate
Who says: “Leave her to heaven/And to those thorns that in her bosom lodge/To prick and sting her” (1.5.93-95) ? The ghost
Who says: “from the table of my memory/I’ll wipe away all trivial, fond records” (1.5.105-106) Hamlet
According to Polonius, how do individuals “of wisdom and of reach, . . . find directions out” Deception and indirect approaches
How did Hamlet look when he appeared in Ophelia’s private room? Disheveled; clothes are a mess
What does Polonius believe is wrong with Hamlet? That he is mad/crazy because of Ophelia’s love
Who has Claudius summoned to spy on Hamlet? Polonius / R & G
What does Young Fortinbras get for agreeing to stop his aggression against Denmark? 3,000 gold coins, permission to make his army official, permission to invade Poland
What request does Norway make of Denmark? To let Norway’s army pass through on their way into Poland
Having presented his theory about Hamlet’s madness to Claudius, how does Polonius plan to prove his theory is correct? Spy on Hamlet and Ophelia
Of what does Hamlet accuse his friends? Of trying to play him like a musical pipe; being sent by the king
What does Hamlet tell Rosencrantz and Guildenstern that Denmark is like? A prison
Why does Pyrrhus kill Priam? Pyrrhus’ father died in the Trojan war and he wants to avenge that death by killing Priam, the king of Troy
Queen of Troy during reign of Priam Hecuba
What does Pyrrhus want to do to Priam? Disfigure him and make Hecuba watch
In his third soliloquy, why does Hamlet refer to himself as “a rogue and peasant slave”? He is so angry with himself because he has not done anything to avenge his father’s unjust death
“Thus ____ does make cowards of us all” conscience
How many times does Hamlet have to ask Guildenstern and Rosencrantz for the truth? What is this an allusion to? 3 times; allusion to the Bible
Who says: “I am but mad north-north-west. When the/wind is southerly, I know a hawk from a handsaw” (2.2.402-403). Hamlet
What name does Hamlet use for Polonius? What does this foreshadow? Jephthah; foreshadows Ophelia’s death
What does Hamlet call Polonius? A fishmonger
What do Rosencrantz and Guildenstern fail to report to the King and Queen about their visit with Hamlet? They fail to report that Hamlet knows the king & queen sent them
When Hamlet asks Ophelia, “Are you honest?” what two possible meanings are being suggested? Truthful or chaste (a virgin)
Hamlet tells Ophelia to go to a “nunnery” five times in his conversation with her. What two meanings does the word nunnery have in this context? A brothel (***** house) or a convent
After listening to the exchange between Hamlet and Ophelia, what does Claudius conclude about Hamlet’s madness? That Ophelia is not the cause and that he might not be mad at all
What action does Claudius plan to take regarding Hamlet? Send him to England
To whom is Hamlet referring when he says “A man that Fortune’s buffets and rewards / Hast ta’en with equal thanks; and blessed are those / Whose blood and judgment are so well commeddled”? Horatio
In what play does Polonius say he once performed? Julius Caesar
According to the play, under what circumstance does the Queen “kill her husband dead” a second time? By sleeping with her new husband
What is the name of the play that reenacts the murder of Hamlet’s father? The Murder of Gonzago
When Claudius asks Hamlet for the name of the play, Hamlet replies ____ The Mousetrap
In the play, what is the relationship between Lucianus and the King? Lucianus is the king’s nephew
How does the King react to the play? (First he does something and then he asks for something.) Stands up and asks for the lights to be turned on
Guildenstern tells Hamlet that the King has retired, suffering from choler. What are the two meanings given for choler? Nausea and anger
Complete the proverb. “While the grass grows, _________.” The horse starves
According to Hamlet, what is “as easy as lying”? Playing the recorder
In his fifth soliloquy, Hamlet says “Now I could drink hot blood / And do such business as the day / Would quake to look on.” What is Hamlet ready to do? Kill Claudius
This character sees “black and grained spots” on their soul Gertrude
“I must be cruel only to be ___” kind
“I will speak ____ to her, but use none” daggers
Hamlet equates ____ to an endless sleep Death
Who says: “…I am essentially not in madness,/ But mad in craft” Hamlet
This term can either mean chaste or truthful. honest
This character is described as being someone who “abuses” Hamlet to “damn” him The ghost
Who does Claudius ask to escort Hamlet to England? Rosencrantz & Guildenstern
Claudius says his crime has “the primal eldest curse upon it.” Explain the allusion. Cain & Abel; Cain=murdered his brother-1st murderer
Why does Claudius believe he cannot be forgiven for the murder he committed? Because he is still reaping the rewards of the murder
Hamlet finally has an opportunity to kill Claudius. What is Claudius doing? praying
Why does Hamlet refrain from killing Claudius at this time? Please be specific. Doesn’t want Claudius to be able to go to Heaven (because he has just confessed his sins)
“My words fly up, my thoughts remain below; / Words without thoughts never to heaven go.” What do these words reveal about Claudius? That his words are without meaning and therefore do not reach heaven
What happens to Polonius as a result of his spying on Hamlet? he dies
Hamlet tells Polonius, “I took thee for thy better.” Who did Hamlet believe was behind the arras spying on him? Claudius
To what does Hamlet compare his father’s image? Hyperion the Greek Sun God; commander of war
During Hamlet’s angry discussion with his mother, who enters the room? The ghost
What does Hamlet ask his mother NOT to do? Tell Claudius that Hamlet’s madness is fake
What does Gertrude fail to report to Claudius about what happened when Hamlet killed Polonius? That Hamlet thought it was Claudius
When questioned by Rosencrantz and Guildenstern about the location of Polonius’ body, to what does Hamlet compare Rosencrantz? A sponge
Why does Claudius say that he cannot “put the strong law on [Hamlet]”? Because the people of Denmark love him and judge him based on appearance rather than reason
When questioned by Claudius about the location of Polonius’ body, Hamlet offers three Different answers. Where does he say the body is? At supper, in heaven, in the lobby
In his short soliloquy at the end of scene 3, what does Claudius reveal he is asking England to do with Hamlet? Kill him
In his short soliloquy at the end of scene 3, to what does Claudius compare Hamlet? Fever in his blood
According to Fortinbras’ Captain, how much is the Polish land worth that Norway is going to war over? 5 ducats
At the beginning of his 7th soliloquy, why does Hamlet compare himself to “a beast”? Because he only “eats and sleeps”
Hamlet says, “Rightly to be great / Is not to stir without great argument, / But greatly to find quarrel in a straw / When ______ at stake.” honor
At the beginning of scene 5, Horatio, Gertrude, and a gentleman of the court discuss Ophelia. What has happened to her? She has gone mad
Ophelia sings a song about St. Valentine’s Day. About whom does she seem to sing? Hamlet
According to Claudius, what is the cause of Ophelia’s ailment? grief
What do “the rabble” want Laertes to be? Lord
Ophelia hands out flowers and herbs. What is rosemary for? Pansies? Rosemary=for remembering; Pansies=for thoughts
Ophelia gives herself only one of the flowers/herbs. Which one is it? Rue
flower that symbolize flattery and deceit Fennel
Flower that symbolizes lying Daisy
Besides the manner of Polonius’ death, what else is Laertes incensed about regarding his father? That he did not receive a proper burial
On his way to England, who takes Hamlet prisoner? pirates
When Laertes asks why Claudius has not proceeded against Hamlet’s criminal acts, what TWO reasons does he give? Queen loves her son and he doesn’t want to hurt the queen & the public loves Hamlet
From whom does Claudius receive a disturbing letter? Hamlet
What TWO things will the King and Laertes do to the rapier Laertes will use in the fencing match against Hamlet? Make it sharp & add poison
According to Gertrude, what has happened to Ophelia? She drowned
What specific action is Laertes willing to take “to show indeed [he is his] father’s son? (“No place indeed should murder sanctuarize.”) Kill Hamlet in a church
“Who builds stronger than a mason, a shipwright, or a carpenter?” grave-maker
Whose grave is being prepared as Hamlet and Horatio walk through the graveyard? A woman who died
According to the gravedigger, why will the corpse of a tanner decay more slowly than other corpses? Because it does not have water (grief)
In whose skull does Hamlet take a special interest? Yorick
What does Hamlet reveal about his feelings for Ophelia? That he was in love with her
When Hamlet announces himself to the group in the graveyard, what title does he give himself Dane
How does Hamlet send Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to their deaths? Writes a letter to the king of England
What does Hamlet say is his reason for wanting to kill Claudius? Save Denmark from the corruption of Claudius Before they begin to fence
What does Laertes mean when he tells Osric, “Why as a woodcock to mine own springe”? He has been caught in his own traps/evil tricks
As he is dying, what does Hamlet ask Horatio to do? Tell his story
What animal does Hamlet compare himself to when he accepts fate? A sparrow
what does Hamlet ask of Laertes? Forgiveness